
Identifying and Solving Thermal Bridging in Domestic Buildings
Identifying and Solving Thermal Bridging in Domestic Buildings
Thermal bridging is a common issue in domestic buildings that often goes unnoticed yet significantly impacts energy efficiency, comfort, and even structural integrity. These “bridges” of heat loss occur where insulation is compromised, typically at junctions between materials or poorly insulated areas. Understanding how to identify and address thermal bridging is essential for homeowners looking to improve energy performance and reduce heating costs.


What is Thermal Bridging?
Thermal bridging occurs when a material with high thermal conductivity bypasses or compromises insulation, allowing heat to escape more easily. These weak points create cold spots, which lead to energy inefficiencies, condensation, and potential mould growth.
Common Causes of Thermal Bridging:
- Structural Junctions: Corners, wall-floor connections, and roof-wall interfaces often lack continuous insulation.
- Penetrations: Gaps around windows, doors, and pipes create heat escape routes.
- Material Issues: Steel, concrete, and other high-conductivity materials can act as thermal bridges.
The Impact of Thermal Bridging on Energy and Comfort
- Increased Heat Loss:
Studies estimate that thermal bridging can account for up to 30% of a building’s heat loss, depending on construction quality and design. This translates to higher heating bills and energy waste. - Condensation and Mould:
Cold spots created by thermal bridging lower surface temperatures, causing condensation in humid environments. Over time, this can lead to structural damage and mould growth, which poses health risks. - Reduced Comfort:
Uneven temperatures make homes feel colder, especially in winter, leading to higher thermostat settings and increased energy use.
How Thermography Helps Identify Thermal Bridging
What is Thermography?
Thermography uses infrared imaging to detect temperature variations across surfaces. A thermal imaging survey highlights areas where heat escapes or cold infiltrates, making it an invaluable tool for locating thermal bridges.
What Thermography Looks For:
- Cold Spots: Indicate areas of heat loss through thermal bridges.
- Uneven Surface Temperatures: Highlight gaps in insulation.
- Patterns of Heat Loss: Reveal specific problem areas, such as window frames or wall junctions.
How to Understand the Results:
A thermal image (thermogram) uses a colour gradient to represent temperature differences:
- Blue/Cold Colours: Show cooler surfaces, often indicating heat loss.
- Red/Warm Colours: Show retained heat, which should ideally be consistent across insulated areas.
Real-Life Examples of Thermal Bridging
Case Study 1: A Victorian Terrace
A homeowner experienced excessive heating costs and draughts. A thermographic survey revealed significant heat loss around window frames and external wall junctions. After insulating these areas with cavity wall insulation and draught-proofing, the homeowner reduced energy bills by 20%.
Case Study 2: New-Build Heat Loss
In a newly built detached home, thermography uncovered thermal bridging at roof eaves and around door thresholds. By sealing gaps and adding insulated plasterboard to affected areas, the homeowner improved overall comfort and reduced heating demand.
Solving Thermal Bridging in Domestic Buildings
1. Design Solutions
- Use thermal breaks (materials with low conductivity) in construction to interrupt thermal bridges.
- Ensure continuous insulation at key junctions like walls, floors, and roofs.
2. Retrofitting Measures
- Insulation: Add internal or external insulation to reduce heat loss.
- Sealing: Address gaps and penetrations with draught-proofing materials or expanding foam.
3. Regular Maintenance and Monitoring
Conduct routine thermal imaging surveys to check for new thermal bridges or insulation degradation.
Thermal Imaging’s Role in Prevention and Energy Savings
Thermal imaging doesn’t just identify existing thermal bridges—it helps create a proactive strategy for preventing future issues. By visualising weak points in a building’s thermal envelope, homeowners can target problem areas with precise interventions, significantly improving energy efficiency and indoor comfort.
Thermal bridging is a critical issue for homeowners looking to reduce energy costs, enhance comfort, and maintain a healthy living environment. By leveraging thermography, you can quickly identify problem areas and implement effective solutions, whether through insulation upgrades, structural design improvements, or regular maintenance. Investing in a thermal imaging survey is the first step toward a warmer, more energy-efficient home.
Thermography Services (UK) Ltd
Certified Master Thermographer
